Food-processor
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A food processor is a kitchen appliance used to facilitate various
repetitive tasks in the process of preparation of food. Today, the
term almost always refers to an electric-motor-driven appliance,
although there are some manual devices also referred to as "food
processors".
Food processors are similar to blenders in many ways. The primary
difference is that food processors use swappable blades and disks
(attachments) instead of a fixed blade. Also, their bowls are wider
and shorter, a more appropriate shape for the solid or semi-solid
foods usually worked in a food processor.
Its functions normally consist of:
Slicing/chopping vegetables
Grinding items such as nuts, meat, or dried fruit
Shredding or Grating cheese or vegetables
Pureeing
Mixing and kneading dough's |
The base of the unit houses a motor which turns a vertical shaft. A
bowl, usually made of transparent plastic, fits around the shaft.
Cutting blades can be attached to the shaft; these fit so as to
operate near the bottom of the bowl. Shredding or slicing disks can
be attached instead; these spin near the top of the bowl. A lid with
a "feed tube" is then fitted onto the bowl.
The feed tube allows ingredients to be added while chopping,
grinding or pureeing. It also serves as a chute through which items
are introduced to shredding or slicing disks. A "pusher" is
provided, sized to slide through the feed tube, protecting fingers.
Almost all modern food processors have safety devices which prevent
the motor from operating if the bowl isn't properly affixed to the
base or if the lid isn't properly affixed to the bowl.
For safety's sake the food processor should never be used for the
other use.
Carl Sontheimer developed the food processor in the early 1970s,
adapting the design from an industrial blender. In 1973, this first
home food processor was introduced in North America as the Cuisinart.
Cuisinart remains one of the most successful food processor brands.
Food processing is the set of methods and techniques used to
transform raw ingredients into food for consumption by humans. The
food processing industry utilizes these processes. Food processing
often takes clean, harvested or slaughtered and butchered components
and uses these to produce attractive and marketable food products.
Similar process are used to produce animal feed.
Food processing dates back to the prehistoric ages when crude
processing incorporated slaughtering, various types of cooking, such
as over fires, smoking, steaming, oven baking), fermenting, sun
drying and preserving with salt. Foods preserved this way were a
common part of warriors and sailor's diets up until the introduction
of canned food. These crude processing techniques remained
essentially the same until the advent of the industrial revolution.
Modern food processing technology in the 19th and 20th century has
largely been developed because of military needs. Using newly
discovered industrial age technology, Nicolas Appert developed a
vacuum bottling process to supply troops in the French army with
food, which would eventually lead to tinning and later, canning by
Peter Durand in 1810. Although initially expensive and somewhat
hazardous due to lead used in the cans, canned goods would later
become a staple around the world. Another important advance of the
19th century was pasteurization, discovered by Louis Pasteur in
1862.
In the 20th century, world war 2 and the space race drove the
development of food processing even further with advances such as
spray drying, juice concentrates, freeze drying and the introduction
of artificial sweeteners, colorants, and preservatives such as
sodium benzoate and saccharine. Late 20th century food processing
would reach its peak with products like dried instant soups,
reconstituted fruits and juices, and self cooking meals like the MRE
food ration.
Benefits of food processing includes toxin removal, preservation,
improving flavor, easing marketing and distribution tasks, and
increasing food consistency. In addition, it increases seasonal
availability of many foods, enables transportation of delicate
perishable foods across long distances, and makes many kinds of
foodstuffs safe to eat by removing the microorganisms. Modern
supermarkets would not be feasible without modern food processing
techniques, long voyages would not be possible, and military
campaigns would be significantly more difficult and costly to
execute.
Modern food processing also improves the quality of life for
allergic, diabetics, and other people who cannot consume some common
food elements. Food processing can also add extra nutrients.
Food processing frequently lowers nutritional value, and sometimes
toxic chemicals are added or created in the food during processing
such as nitrites, or aromatic hydrocarbons. Several food additives
have been found to cause health problems and some techniques alter
food flavor negatively. In addition, high quality and hygiene
standards must be maintained to ensure consumer safety and not all
food processors comply with these standards.
Proponents of the raw food diet advocate consumption of foods
prepared with very little food processing. |
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